Language: Singlish Language code: qsg Lines: orth translat Author: siew yeng Date: 2020-02-21 Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: g Phenomena: {word order} The cat kacau the ant. 'the cat disturbs the ant.' #has a habitual sense in the interpretation Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: g Phenomena: {word order} That ant the cat kacau. 'The cat disturbs that ant.' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: u Phenomena: {word order} The ant the cat kacau. 'The cat disturbs the ant.' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: u Phenomena: {word order} Kacau the ant the cat. 'The cat disturbs the ant.' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: g Phenomena: {word order} The cat sleep. 'the cat sleeps' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: u Phenomena: {word order} Sleep the cat. 'The cat sleeps.' #Sentence does not sound natural, but it is probably not ungrammatical Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: g Phenomena: {determiner} Cat sleep. 'The cat sleeps.' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: u Phenomena: {word order, determiner, common noun} Cat the sleep. 'The cat sleeps.' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: u Phenomena: {determiner, pronoun} The he sleep. 'He sleeps.' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: g Phenomena: {determiner, common noun} The cats sleep. 'The cats sleep.' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: g Phenomena: {determiner, common noun} Cats sleep. 'Cats sleep.' #Not sure if it is actually grammatical Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: u Phenomena: {argument optionality} The cat chases. 'The cat chases (something).' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: g Phenomena: {agreeement} That cat sleeps. 'The cat sleeps.' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: g Phenomena: {agreement} That cat sleep. 'The cat sleeps.' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: g Phenomena: {agreement} Those cat sleep. 'Those cats sleep.' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: u Phenomena: {agreement} Those cat sleeps. 'Those cat sleep.' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: u Phenomena: {agreement} That cats sleep. 'Those cats sleep.' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: u Phenomena: {agreement} That cats sleeps. 'Those cats sleep.' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: g Phenomena: {agreement} Those cats sleep. 'Those cats sleep.' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: u Phenomena: {agreement} Those cats sleeps. 'Those cats sleep.' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: g Phenomena: {agreement} I sleep. 'I sleep.' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: u Phenomena: {agreement} I sleeps. 'I sleep.' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: g Phenomena: {agreement} We sleep. 'We sleep.' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: u Phenomena: {agreement} We sleeps. 'We sleep.' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: g Phenomena: {agreement} You sleep. 'You sleep.' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: u Phenomena: {agreement} You sleeps. 'You sleep.' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: g Phenomena: {case} He sleep. 'He sleeps.' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: u Phenomena: {case} Him sleep. 'He sleeps.' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: g Phenomena: {case} I kacau him. 'I disturb him.' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: u Phenomena: {case} Me kacau him. 'I disturb him.' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: u Phenomena: {case} I kacau he. 'I disturb him.' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: u Phenomena: {case} Me kacau he. 'I disturb him.' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: g Phenomena: {negation} He never. 'He did not.' #Could 'never' be an auxiliary verb for Singlish? Contrasted with 'never' in SSE below. Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: g Phenomena: {negation} He never sleep. 'He did not sleep.' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: g Phenomena: {negation} He never sleeps. 'He never sleeps.' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: u Phenomena: {negation} He sleep never. 'He did not sleep. Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: g Phenomena: {matrix y/n} Is it sleeping? 'Is it sleeping?' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: g Phenomena: {matrix y/n} It sleeping is it? 'Is it sleeping?' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: g Phenomena: {matrix y/n} Is it it sleeping? 'Is it sleeping?' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: u Phenomena: {matrix y/n} It is it sleeping? 'Is it sleeping?' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: g Phenomena: {matrix y/n} It sleeping? 'Is it sleeping?' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: g Phenomena: {embedded complement clauses} The ant think the cat sleeping. 'Ths ant thinks that the cat is sleeping.' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: u Phenomena: {embedded complement clauses} The ant think sleeping the cat. 'The ant thinks the cat is sleeping.' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: g Phenomena: {embedded complement clauses} The ant think that the cat sleeping. 'The ant thinks that the cat is sleeping.' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: g Phenomena: {embedded complement clauses} The ant asked whether the cat eat already. 'The ant asked if the cat has eaten.' #there seems to be a convergence of meaning between while and when in Singlish - 'while' is hardly used Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: g Phenomena: {adverbial clausal modifiers} Cat sleeping when the tree playing. 'The cat was sleeping when the tree was playing.' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: g Phenomena: {embedded complement clauses} It chase me then something wrong. 'Something is wrong if it chases me.' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: u Phenomena: {adverbial clausal modifier} Then something wrong it chase me. 'Something is wrong if it chases me.' #trying to work out a parallel between 'then' and 'if' or 'then' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: g Phenomena: {adverbial clausal modifier} He sleepy then he sleep. 'He sleeps when he gets sleepy/He sleeps if he is sleepy,' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: g Phenomena: {adverbial clausal modifier} Kim laugh because Sandy say joke. 'Kim laughed because Sandy said a joke.' #permission rather than ability Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: g Phenomena: {modals, matrix y/n} I eat ants can not? 'Can I eat ants?' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: g Phenomena: {modal} I can eat ants. 'I can eat ants.' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: g Phenomena: {coordination} I eat cats, ants and trees. 'I eat cats, ants and trees.' #agreement is quite lax in general - the verb that would normally require agreement may also be omitted Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: g Phenomena: {agreement in NP coordination} Cat and I sleep. 'The cat and I are sleeping.' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: g Phenomena: {agreement in NP coordination} Cat and I are sleeping. 'The cat and I are sleeping.' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: u Phenomena: {agreement in NP coordination} He and I is sleeping. 'The cat and I are sleeping.' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: g Phenomena: {tense/aspect} He makan already. 'He has eaten.' #3sg.masc eat PERF #future tense Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: g Phenomena: {tense/aspect} They going to sleep. 'They are going to sleep.' #experiential Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: g Phenomena: {tense/aspect} The ant sleep here before. 'The ant has slept here before.' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: g Phenomena: {demonstratives/definiteness} The cat left. 'The cat left.' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: g Phenomena: {demonstratives/definiteness} A cat sleeps. 'A cat sleeps.' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: g Phenomena: {demonstratives/definiteness} This cat sleeps. 'This cat sleeps.' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: g Phenomena: {demonstratives/definiteness} That cat is there. 'The cat is there.' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: u Phenomena: {demonstratives/definiteness} Cat that is there. 'That cat is there.' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: g Phenomena: {negation, auxiliary} He can never sleep. 'He can never sleep.' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: g Phenomena: {agreement, auxiliary} I can sleep. 'I can sleep.' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: u Phenomena: {agreement, auxiliary} I can sleeps. 'I can sleep.' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: u Phenomena: {agreement, auxiliary} The cat can sleeps. 'The cat can sleep.' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: g Phenomena: {agreement, auxiliary} The cat can sleep. 'The cat can sleep.' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: g Phenomena: {copula omission, adjective} The cat pretty. 'The cat is pretty.' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: g Phenomena: {copula omission, adjective} They pretty. 'They are pretty.' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: g Phenomena: {copula omission, negation} The cat not pretty. 'The cat is not pretty.' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: g Phenomena: {copula omission, negation} They not pretty. 'They are not pretty.' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: g Phenomena: {copula omission, adverb} The cat very pretty. 'The cat is very pretty.' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: g Phenomena: {copula omission, adverb} They very pretty. 'They are very pretty.' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: u Phenomena: {copula omission, specifier} The cat beautiful very. 'The cat is very beautiful.' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: g Phenomena: {copula omission} The cat fat and beautiful. 'The cat is fat and beautiful.' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: g Phenomena: {aspect} The cat fat already. 'The cat has gotten fat (inchoative).' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: g Phenomena: {aspect} The cat sleeping already. 'The cat is sleeping (inchoative).' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: g Phenomena: {aspect} The cat already sleep. 'The cat has slept.' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: g Phenomena: {aspect} The cat ever sleep. 'The cat has ever slept.' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: u Phenomena: {aspect} The cat ever sleeps. 'The cat has ever slept.' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: u Phenomena: {aspect} The cat sleep ever. 'The cat has ever slept.' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: g Phenomena: {adj coord} The cat fat and pretty. 'The cat is fat and pretty.' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: g Phenomena: {adj coord} They fat and pretty. 'They are fat and pretty.' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: g Phenomena: {clausal object, copula omission} They know the cat pretty. 'They know the cat is pretty.' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: g Phenomena: {clausal object, copula omission, bare noun} They know cat pretty. 'They know (the) cat(s) is/are pretty.' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: g Phenomena: {comp phrase, adj sent, bare noun} They know that cat pretty. 'They know (the) cat(s) is/are pretty.' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: g Phenomena: {copula omission, optcomp adj} The cat happy. 'The cat is happy.' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: g Phenomena: {wh-filler, copula omission} The cat who very happy is there. 'The cat who is very is there.' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: u Phenomena: {wh-filler, copula omission} The cat who is very happy pretty. 'The cat who is very happy is pretty.' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: g Phenomena: {possesesive one} Kim one is the best. 'Kim's is the best.' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: u Phenomena: {possesesive one} He one is the best. 'His is the best.' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: u Phenomena: {possesesive one} Him one is the best. 'His is the best.' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: g Phenomena: {particles} That cat pretty leh. 'That cat is pretty.' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: g Phenomena: {particles} That cat pretty leh hor? 'That cat is pretty, isn't it?' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: u Phenomena: {particles} That cat pretty leh one. 'That cat is pretty.' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: g Phenomena: {particles} That cat pretty one leh. 'That cat is pretty.' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: u Phenomena: {particles} That cat pretty hor leh? 'That cat is pretty, isn't it?' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: g Phenomena: {particles} That cat pretty meh? 'Is that cat pretty.' Source: siew yeng Vetted: t Judgment: u Phenomena: {particles} That cat pretty meh leh. 'That cat is pretty, isn't it?'